Reloading your own 308 subsonic ammunition offers significant advantages, from cost savings to the ability to tailor loads to your specific firearm. However, it demands precision and a thorough understanding of safety procedures. This guide delves into the crucial aspects of 308 subsonic reloading, providing insights to help you achieve accurate and reliable results. Remember: Always consult your firearm's manual and adhere to safety regulations. This information is for educational purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for professional guidance.
Understanding Subsonic Ammunition
Subsonic ammunition is designed to travel slower than the speed of sound (approximately 1125 feet per second or 343 meters per second). This slower velocity reduces the sonic boom, making it ideal for suppressed shooting and situations where noise reduction is paramount. Achieving subsonic velocities in 308 Winchester requires careful selection of components, particularly the bullet weight and powder charge.
Choosing the Right Components
The key to successful subsonic 308 reloading lies in selecting the proper components. These include:
1. Bullets:
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Weight: Heavier bullets (generally 180 grains or heavier) are essential for subsonic performance. Lighter bullets will struggle to achieve stable subsonic flight and may experience instability. Popular choices include 180-grain, 200-grain, and even heavier bullets designed specifically for subsonic applications.
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Construction: Match-grade bullets with good ballistic coefficients (BC) are recommended to maximize accuracy and reduce drag at subsonic velocities. Consider bullets designed for optimal performance at lower velocities.
2. Powder:
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Type: Slow-burning powders are crucial for subsonic loads. Popular choices include powders like Accurate Arms #5, Accurate Arms #7, and other powders known for their gentle burn rates. Experimentation is key, but always start with the minimum charge listed in your reloading manual.
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Charge Weight: This will vary depending on your chosen bullet weight, powder type, and firearm. Start with the lowest charge listed in your reloading manual and work your way up cautiously, meticulously documenting each step. Never exceed the maximum listed charge.
3. Primers:
- Type: Standard small rifle primers are generally suitable for subsonic 308 reloading. However, it's always recommended to refer to your chosen powder's manufacturer's data for recommended primer types.
4. Cases:
- Condition: Use clean, properly sized cases to ensure consistent performance. Inspect cases for damage before reloading.
The Reloading Process: A Step-by-Step Guide
The reloading process for subsonic 308 is similar to standard reloading, but requires even greater attention to detail. The exact steps will vary depending on your reloading equipment, but the general process is as follows:
- Case Preparation: Clean, resize, and deprime your cases.
- Primer Seating: Carefully seat the primers using a primer seating tool.
- Powder Measurement: Use a precise powder measure to dispense the correct amount of powder into each case. Double-check each charge weight before seating the bullet.
- Bullet Seating: Seat the bullet to the proper depth using a bullet seating die.
- Crimping: Crimp the case mouth to securely hold the bullet in place.
- Inspection: Carefully inspect each round for any inconsistencies or imperfections before loading into your magazine.
Safety Precautions:
- Always wear safety glasses and hearing protection.
- Never exceed the maximum recommended powder charge listed in your reloading manual.
- Work in a clean, well-ventilated area.
- Keep your work area organized and free of distractions.
- Always double-check your powder charges before seating the bullet.
- Dispose of spent primers and other waste materials responsibly.
- Start with minimal powder charges and gradually increase until you find an accurate and consistent load.
- Thoroughly test your loaded ammunition on a chronograph to verify velocity.
Troubleshooting Subsonic Reloading
Several factors can affect the accuracy and reliability of your subsonic 308 loads. Common issues include:
- Inconsistent Velocity: This usually indicates issues with your powder measure or inconsistent case preparation.
- Poor Accuracy: This could be caused by a variety of factors, including improper bullet seating, incorrect powder charge, or a problem with the firearm itself.
- Functioning Issues: Ensure your firearm is properly lubricated and functions flawlessly with your chosen load.
By following these guidelines, paying meticulous attention to detail, and prioritizing safety, you can successfully reload your own 308 subsonic ammunition, achieving superior accuracy and reliability while experiencing the benefits of reduced noise. Remember to always prioritize safety and consult multiple reputable reloading manuals before starting your reloading process.
